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  <meta name="description" content="概述 ​	Graphviz 是一个绘图工具集, 可以用 The DOT Language 的 DSL 来绘图。用 dot 写好脚本之后，使用不同的布局引擎来对脚本解析，生成图片，支持 PNG、PDF 等格式。Graphviz 有好几个布局引擎，一般使用的有dot (有向图) 和 circo(环形布局)，其他的较少使用。 ​	Graphviz 包含 3 种图形元素，图(graph), 节点(no">
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<meta property="og:description" content="概述 ​	Graphviz 是一个绘图工具集, 可以用 The DOT Language 的 DSL 来绘图。用 dot 写好脚本之后，使用不同的布局引擎来对脚本解析，生成图片，支持 PNG、PDF 等格式。Graphviz 有好几个布局引擎，一般使用的有dot (有向图) 和 circo(环形布局)，其他的较少使用。 ​	Graphviz 包含 3 种图形元素，图(graph), 节点(no">
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<meta name="twitter:description" content="概述 ​	Graphviz 是一个绘图工具集, 可以用 The DOT Language 的 DSL 来绘图。用 dot 写好脚本之后，使用不同的布局引擎来对脚本解析，生成图片，支持 PNG、PDF 等格式。Graphviz 有好几个布局引擎，一般使用的有dot (有向图) 和 circo(环形布局)，其他的较少使用。 ​	Graphviz 包含 3 种图形元素，图(graph), 节点(no">
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      <ol class="toc"><li class="toc-item toc-level-3"><a class="toc-link" href="#安装"><span class="toc-number">1.</span> <span class="toc-text"> 安装</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-3"><a class="toc-link" href="#基本用法"><span class="toc-number">2.</span> <span class="toc-text"> 基本用法</span></a><ol class="toc-child"><li class="toc-item toc-level-4"><a class="toc-link" href="#通过实例化对象创建图形"><span class="toc-number">2.1.</span> <span class="toc-text"> 通过实例化对象创建图形</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-4"><a class="toc-link" href="#通过读取-dot-文件创建图形"><span class="toc-number">2.2.</span> <span class="toc-text"> 通过读取 dot 文件创建图形</span></a></li></ol></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-3"><a class="toc-link" href="#参考文章"><span class="toc-number">3.</span> <span class="toc-text"> 参考文章</span></a></li></ol>
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      Python+Graphviz绘制神经网络结构图
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        <ul>
<li>
<p>概述</p>
<p>​	<a href="http://www.graphviz.org" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Graphviz</a> 是一个<strong>绘图工具集</strong>, 可以用 <a href="http://www.graphviz.org/content/dot-language" target="_blank" rel="noopener">The DOT Language</a> 的 DSL 来绘图。用 dot 写好脚本之后，使用不同的布局引擎来<strong>对脚本解析，生成图片，支持 PNG、PDF 等格式</strong>。Graphviz 有好几个布局引擎，一般使用的有<code>dot</code> (<strong>有向图</strong>) 和 <code>circo</code>(<strong>环形布局</strong>)，其他的较少使用。</p>
<p>​	<code>Graphviz</code> 包含 3 种图形元素，<strong><code>图(graph)</code></strong>, <strong><code>节点(node)</code><strong>和</strong><code>边(edge)</code></strong>。每个元素都可以具有各自的属性，用来定义<strong>字体，样式，颜色，形状</strong>等。</p>
</li>
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<h3 id="安装"><a class="markdownIt-Anchor" href="#安装"></a> 安装</h3>
<ul>
<li>
<p>安装<code>graphviz</code>程序</p>
<figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="meta">#</span><span class="bash"> Mac</span></span><br><span class="line">brew install graphviz</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#</span><span class="bash"> ubuntu</span></span><br><span class="line">sudo apt-get install graphviz</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p>或者到<a href="http://www.graphviz.org/download/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">官网下载</a>页面中, 找到对应平台的安装包安装。</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>安装<code>python-graphviz</code>模块</p>
<figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">sudo pip install graphviz</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
</li>
</ul>
<h3 id="基本用法"><a class="markdownIt-Anchor" href="#基本用法"></a> 基本用法</h3>
<h4 id="通过实例化对象创建图形"><a class="markdownIt-Anchor" href="#通过实例化对象创建图形"></a> 通过实例化对象创建图形</h4>
<figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">from</span> graphviz <span class="keyword">import</span> Digraph</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">dot = Digraph(comment=<span class="string">'this is direction'</span>)</span><br><span class="line">dot.node(<span class="string">'A'</span>, <span class="string">'writer'</span>)</span><br><span class="line">dot.node(<span class="string">'B'</span>, <span class="string">'doctor'</span>)</span><br><span class="line">dot.node(<span class="string">'C'</span>, <span class="string">'teacher'</span>)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">dot.edges([<span class="string">'AB'</span>, <span class="string">'AC'</span>])</span><br><span class="line">dot.edge(<span class="string">'B'</span>, <span class="string">'C'</span>)</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">print</span> dot.source</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">dot.format = <span class="string">'png'</span>	<span class="comment"># 默认是保存 pdf 格式</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># view 表示保存成图片文件后是否直接打开</span></span><br><span class="line">dot.render(<span class="string">'output-graph.gv'</span>, view=<span class="keyword">True</span>)</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<ul>
<li>
<p>生成的 <code>dot</code> 文件内容</p>
<figure class="highlight plain"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">// this is direction</span><br><span class="line">digraph &#123;</span><br><span class="line">	A [label=writer]</span><br><span class="line">	B [label=doctor]</span><br><span class="line">	C [label=teacher]</span><br><span class="line">	A -&gt; B</span><br><span class="line">	A -&gt; C</span><br><span class="line">	B -&gt; C</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
</li>
<li>
<p>生成的 <code>png</code> 图片</p>
<p><img src="http://ww1.sinaimg.cn/large/929ea2a1gy1g2gfi577p3j203y06zwei.jpg" alt></p>
</li>
<li>
<p>字体乱码</p>
<ul>
<li>
<p><strong>UnicodeDecodeError: ‘ascii’ codec can’t decode byte 0xe4 in position 42: ordinal not in range(128)</strong></p>
<figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span> os, time, sys</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">if</span> sys.getdefaultencoding() != <span class="string">'utf-8'</span>:</span><br><span class="line">    reload(sys)</span><br><span class="line">    sys.setdefaultencoding(<span class="string">'utf-8'</span>)</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<h4 id="通过读取-dot-文件创建图形"><a class="markdownIt-Anchor" href="#通过读取-dot-文件创建图形"></a> 通过读取 dot 文件创建图形</h4>
<ul>
<li>
<p><code>dot</code>源文件内容</p>
<figure class="highlight plain"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">// this is direction</span><br><span class="line">digraph &#123;</span><br><span class="line">	node [] &quot;Input | NodeA&quot;[style=&quot;filled&quot;, color=black, fillcolor=&quot;chartreuse&quot;] &quot;Split | NodeD&quot; &quot;Conv | NodeB&quot; &quot;Relu | NodeC&quot;;</span><br><span class="line">	 </span><br><span class="line">	&quot;Input | NodeA&quot; -&gt; &quot;Split | NodeD&quot; [label=&quot;input0 1x3x224x224&quot;]</span><br><span class="line">	&quot;Split | NodeD&quot; -&gt; &quot;Conv | NodeB&quot; [label=&quot;input0_split0 1x3x224x224&quot;];</span><br><span class="line">	&quot;Split | NodeD&quot; -&gt; &quot;Relu | NodeC&quot; [label=&quot;input0_split1 1x3x224x224&quot;];</span><br><span class="line">	&quot;Conv | NodeB&quot; -&gt; &quot;Relu | NodeC&quot; [label=&quot;conv1 1x32x112x112&quot;];</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
</li>
<li>
<p><code>python</code>示例代码</p>
<figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">from</span> graphviz <span class="keyword">import</span> Digraph, Source</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">src = Source.from_file(<span class="string">'output-graph-font.gv'</span>)</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">print</span> src.source</span><br><span class="line">src.format = <span class="string">'png'</span></span><br><span class="line">src.render(<span class="string">'output-graph.gv'</span>)</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
</li>
<li>
<p>生成的<code>png</code>图片</p>
<p><img src="http://ww1.sinaimg.cn/large/929ea2a1gy1g2hloktqmgj20e10b70tj.jpg" alt></p>
</li>
</ul>
<h3 id="参考文章"><a class="markdownIt-Anchor" href="#参考文章"></a> 参考文章</h3>
<ul>
<li><a href="https://graphviz.gitlab.io/documentation/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Graphviz - Documentation</a></li>
<li><a href="http://0000-bigtree.github.io/blog/2016/04/08/graphviz-syntax.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener">大叔的博客 - 用 Graphviz 来绘图</a></li>
<li><a href="http://blog.topspeedsnail.com/archives/1025" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Python Graphviz 图使用示例</a></li>
<li><a href="https://www.mlln.cn/2018/09/25/python-graphviz%E5%9B%BE%E6%95%B0%E6%8D%AE%E5%8F%AF%E8%A7%86%E5%8C%96%E5%85%A5%E9%97%A8/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">python-graphviz图数据可视化入门</a></li>
</ul>

      
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